A Conceptual Framework for an Adaptive Tutorial System with Gamification to Enhance Digital Literacy

Abstract

Digital literacy skills are essential for working in a digital society. Therefore, the university emphasizes teaching and finding ways to assess knowledge and prepare students before completing their studies. The university has an issue with the low percentage of students who pass this exam. Since they learned this material in their first year, their understanding of it may be limited and stale. Therefore, students require a tutoring system to help them effectively review the material before the exam. This paper presents the conceptual framework for developing an adaptive tutorial system to assist undergraduate students in preparing for the digital literacy exit exam. This system's unique feature is not only the exam for students to practice reviewing their knowledge but also the exam's adaptability to the student's abilities. In addition, this concept is reinforced through gamification by incorporating game elements to motivate, increase the difficulty of competition and make exam preparation enjoyable. The system design was evaluated by seven experts who determined that the components and procedures of the tutorial system were appropriate. This paper's findings are the components and steps of developing a tutorial system to alleviate the monotony of taking traditional exams through motivation based on exam challenges tailored to the examinee's skill level. In addition, this study suggests that considerations should be made when applying the gamification concept to the design of a system.