STATE’S DOMINATION IN TOLL ROAD DEVELOPMENT (A STUDY ON SOCIAL EFFECT OF TOLL ROAD DEVELOPMENT IN BOYOLALI REGENCY)

Abstract

Objective: Indonesian population number increases over times, reaching ± 268.9 million people in 2018. To compensate the population growth rate, road infrastructure is required; the choice of infrastructure development as the strategy to improve economic growth makes the toll road development increases very rapidly. This research was intended to analyze the improved welfare of the communities around the toll road or even the farmers’ deprived rights, to analyze the top-down toll road development model resulting in the low public participation and to find the road toll development model with surrounding community partnership by giving them business access with method interactive analysis. Theoretical Framework: The demand for the society’s control is getting stronger, when state and private’s domination does not seem to be partial to public interest (Migdal, 1988: 34-35), basically the role of society in a state is determined by its contribution to policy making; therefore, the more democratic the role of people, the weaker is the role of state. Result and Discussion: This study result showed the unimproved welfare of society surrounding Toll Road, Toll Road development as government domain in which no social participation within it, and the community’s very poor access to business so that they have no capital, low skill, and low entrepreneurship motivation. Research Implication: This research contributes to the formulation of governmental policy related to social problem. It also looks for an alternative strategy to enable the people surrounding toll-road to have business access. In addition, the result of research increases the vocabularies of development theory with community-based development model. Conclusion: Public Participation (Bottom Up) model should be tried by giving access to the people affected with toll-road by giving the share calculated from the compensation for land imposition by means of giving compensation with proportional percentage. The number of Rest Areas should be increased in each City/Regency crossed by Toll Road by prioritizing citizens or people affected by Toll Road to access business partnership. To prevent the people affected by toll-road development from being deprived and to keep them existing in their residence as they can access business partnership; in addition the demand for corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be returned to the program in the region affected by toll road development.