Study of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and its correlation with hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetic nephropathy

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a commonly encountered micro vascular disorder in ophthalmic outpatient department. It is estimated that approximately 191 million people may be suffering from this disorder by year 2030. (3) The rapid increase in number of persons with Diabetes is expected to lead to an increase in number of persons with ocular complications of diabetes. The prevalence of retinopathy changes in diabetic patients varies considerably, but is probably 20 to 30 % and out of it, 3-4% cases are of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.(4) Diabetic Retinopathy has been studied extensively in past about its effect on vision, different pathologies, incidence, prevalence, risk factors, its various diagnostic techniques and treatment modalities.(5-9) However the correlation of proliferative diabetic retinopathy with hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetic nephropathy and its prognosis has not been studied adequately which warrants further studies. These risk factors once accurately identified and appropriately controlled at an early stage, progression of diabetic retinopathy and its subsequent effect on vision can be effectively controlled. Aims and objectives: To study the clinical profile, presentation of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients and its correlation with hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetic nephropathy.