Animais aquáticos de importância médica no Brasil

  • Haddad Junior V
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Abstract

Os acidentes por animais aquáticos venenosos e traumatizantes podem provocar morbidez importante em humanos. Em 236 ocorrências por animais marinhos observadas pelo autor, os ouriços-do-mar causaram cerca de 50%, os cnidários (cubomedusas e caravelas) 25% e peixes venenosos (bagres, arraias e peixes-escorpião) 25% dos acidentes. Nos rios e lagos, as arraias, bagres e mandis causam acidentes que têm mecanismo do envenenamento e efeitos das toxinas semelhantes às espécies marinhas. Em uma série de cerca de 200 acidentes em pescadores de água doce, quase 40% foram causados por bagres e mandis, 5% por arraias de água doce e 55% por peixes traumatogênicos, como as piranhas e as traíras. O autor demonstra os principais animais aquáticos que causam acidentes no Brasil, apresenta aspectos clínicos dos envenenamentos e discute medidas terapêuticas para o controle da intensa sintomatologia observada principalmente nos acidentes causados por cnidários e peixes venenosos.The injuries caused by venomous and poisonous aquatic animals may provoke important morbidity in the victim. The cnidarians (jellyfishes, especially cubomedusas and Portuguese-Man-of-War) caused nearly 25% of 236 accidents by marine animals, while sea urchins were responsible for about 50% and catfish, stingrays and scorpionfish nearly 25%). In freshwater, stingrays and catfish cause injuries with a very similar mechanism to the poisoning and the effects of the toxins of marine species. In a series of about 200 injuries observed among freshwater fishermen, nearly 40% were caused by freshwater catfish, 5% freshwater stingrays and 55% by traumatogenic fish, such as piranhas and traíras. The author presents the aquatic animals that cause injuries to humans in Brazil, the clinical aspects of the envenoming and the first measures for the control of the severe pain observed mainly in the accidents caused by cnidarians and venomous fishes.

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Haddad Junior, V. (2003). Animais aquáticos de importância médica no Brasil. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 36(5), 591–597. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822003000500009

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