Soft-contact-lenses-induced complications

Abstract

Background/Aim. Soft contact lenses occupy significant place in ophthalmology, both in the correction of refraction anomalies and in the treatment of many eye diseases. The number of patients that wear soft contact lenses for the purpose of correcting ametropia is constantly increasing. Due to the increasing number of wearers, the percentage of complications that can lead to serious eye damage and serious vision loss is also increasing. The aim of this study was to point out the most common complications related to soft contact lens use. Methods. In the period from 1995?2004 this prospective study included 510 patients wearing soft contact lenses for correcting ametropia. None of the patients wore contact lenses before and none suffered from any system or local diseases that could affected the development of eventual complications. The study took seven years with the patients who wore conventional lenses and three years with those who wore replacement contact lenses. All the necessary ophthalmologic examinations were done (visual acuity, refractokeratometry, the quantity of tear film, biomicroscopic examination of anterior eye segment). All the complications were filmed by video camera. Results. Of all the patients, 19 had blepharitis, 73 suffered from ?dry eye?, 57 had conjunctival hyperemia, 12 had conjunctivitis, 34 had gigantopapillary conjunctivitis (GPC), 93 had punctiform epitheliopathy, 20 had corneal infiltration, one patient had keratitis, 91 had corneal vascularisation, and 95 patients had corneal deposits. Conclusion. Both the type and frequency of complications related to soft contact lens use in our group of patients, proved to be significant. Some of this complications (keratitis) can significantly damage vision and lead to loss of vision and sometimes can require operative treatment.Uvod/Cilj. Meka kontaktna sociva imaju znacajno mesto u oftalmologiji kako u korekciji refrakcionih anomalija tako i u lecenju mnogih ocnih oboljenja. Ucestalost primene mekih kontaktnih sociva u cilju korekcije ametropije u stalnoj je ekspanziji. Zbog povecane primene znacajno se povecava i procenat pojave komplikacija od kojih neke mogu dovesti do ozbiljnog ostecenja oka i samim tim ozbiljno ugroziti vid. Cilj ovog rada bio je da ukaze na pojavu najcescih komplikacija koje nastaju primenom mekog kontaktnog sociva. Metode. Tokom perioda 1995?2004. godine ovom prospektivnom studijom detaljno je analizirano i praceno 510 ispitanika koji su nosili meka kontaktna sociva u cilju korekcije ametropije. Svi ispitanici bili su pocetnici u nosenju kontaktnih sociva i nisu imali sistemska i lokalna oboljenja koja bi mogla uticati na pojavu komplikacija. Ispitivanje je trajalo sedam godina kod nosilaca konvencionalnog sociva, a tri godine kod ispitanika sa socivima za planiranu tromesecnu i mesecnu zamenu. Uradjena su sva neophodna oftalmoloska ispitivanja (ostrina vida, refraktokeratometrija, kvantitet suznog filma, biomikroskopski pregled prednjeg segmenta oka). Sve komplikacije slikane su videokamerom. Rezultati. Od ukupnog broja ispitanika 19 je imalo blefaritis, 73 ?suvo oko?, 57 hiperemiju konjunktive, 12 konjunktivitis, 34 gigantopapilarni konjunktivitis, 93 punktiformnu epiteliopatiju, 20 infiltraciju roznjace, jedan keratitis i 91 vaskularizaciju roznjace. Depoziti na socivu zabelezeni su kod 95 ispitanika. Zakljucak. Komplikacije nastale nosenjem mekog kontaktnog sociva, znacajne su kako po vrsti promena tako i po ucestalosti. Neke od ovih komplikacija (keratitis) mogu znacajno ostetiti vid i dovesti do njegovog gubitka i, ponekad, zahtevati primenu operativnog lecenja.