The Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Callus Induction of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)

Abstract

Induction callus is one of the tissue culture techniques. Callus formation can be driven by the addition of Plant Growth Regulator such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and coconut water on the media to promote callus formation. The purpose of this research was to obtain the best medium formulation for induction and growth callus from an explant of stem mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). The research design was used completely randomized design with two factors: the concentration of 2,4-D (0, 1, 2, and 3 ppm) and coconut water (0, 15, and 30%) with 12 treatments and 3 replications. Parameters observed in this study were the time of formation callus (weeks), callus fresh weight (g) and callus morphology (colour and texture). The result after 12 weeks observation showed that the addition of 2,4-D and coconut water on the media can induced callus formation from an explant of stem mangosteen. The treatment combination of 2 ppm 2,4-D and 15% coconut water was the best combination for the formation of mangosteen callus and produced yellow and compact callus. This concentration was recommended to grow the mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) callus, might be useful for the production of disease free and healthy plant materials and also it would be useful for genetic transformation and secondary metabolite production of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) using biotechnological approach.