Effect of Commonly Prescribed Medications on Osseointegration and Implant Stability

Abstract

Background: Osseointegration, the process by which implants integrate with surrounding bone, is crucial for the success of dental implants. However, the impact of commonly prescribed medications on osseointegration and implant stability remains a topic of interest and concern within the field of implant dentistry. Materials and Methods: In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who received dental implants between 2018 and 2020. Patients were categorized based on their medication usage at the time of implant placement. Medications included in the analysis were divided into groups such as bisphosphonates, corticosteroids, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Implant stability was assessed using resonance frequency analysis (RFA), and osseointegration was evaluated through radiographic examination. Results: A total of 150 patients were included in the study, with 50 patients in each medication group. The mean RFA values for patients on bisphosphonates, corticosteroids, SSRIs, NSAIDs, and control group were 67, 72, 69, 71, and 75 ISQ, respectively. Radiographic evaluation revealed osseointegration rates of 80, 85, 75, 82, and 90% for the respective medication groups. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that commonly prescribed medications may have varying effects on osseointegration and implant stability. While corticosteroids and NSAIDs seem to have minimal impact, bisphosphonates and SSRIs may potentially hinder osseointegration and decrease implant stability. Clinicians should consider patients’ medication history when planning dental implant procedures and closely monitor implant integration in patients taking these medications.