Acupuncture and electroacupuncture in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: Systematic review

  • Badia M
  • Santafé M
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Abstract

Introduction Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most diagnosed compression neuropathy of the upper limb. In mild and moderate cases, the treatment is extensive and controversial, whereas severe cases receive surgical intervention.Objective To analyze the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of treatment of CTS using acupuncture and electroacupuncture.Methods The PRISMA declaration was followed. A literature search was performed using the following databases: Clinical Evidence BMJ, NICE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, PEDro, Science Direct, SciELO, Google Scholar. The search strategy used the terms “acupuncture”, “electroacupuncture” “carpal tunnel syndrome”. The inclusion criteria limited studies to English publications. The risk of bias was assessed for each study using the Cochrane scale. The level of evidence and the level of recommendation was determined using the SIGN scale.Results The search retrieved 698 articles in total. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were included. The level of evidence of all the articles was medium-high. The level of recommendation was medium, and the risk of bias was neutral, with a tendency towards low bias. The articles included revealed symptomatic and neurophysiological improvements, both peripheral as well as central, due to the cerebral response that occurs associated with the function of the median nerve.Conclusion Acupuncture and electroacupuncture are a therapeutic option for mild to moderate CTS with a medium level of scientific evidence, tending towards a high level, and with a medium level of recommendation.Introducción El síndrome del túnel carpiano (STC) es la neuropatía por compresión más diagnosticada de la extremidad superior. El tratamiento en casos leves y moderados es extenso y controvertido, en casos graves se realiza intervención quirúrgica.Objetivo Analizar la evidencia científica sobre la efectividad del tratamiento con acupuntura y electroacupuntura del STC.Métodos Se ha seguido la declaración PRISMA. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en: Clinical Evidence BMJ, NICE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, PEDro, Science Direct, SciELO, Google Scholar. Con la estrategia de búsqueda “acupuncture,” “electroacupuncture” “carpal tunnel syndrome.” La búsqueda se limitó según criterios de inclusión. El riesgo de sesgo de cada estudio se ha determinado con la escala Cochrane. El nivel de evidencia y el grado de recomendación se ha determinado con la escala SIGN.Resultados En la búsqueda se encontraron 698 artículos en total. Una vez aplicados los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se incluyeron 21 artículos. El nivel de evidencia del conjunto de los artículos es medio-alto, el grado de recomendación es medio y el riesgo de sesgo neutro tiene tendencia a ser bajo. Los artículos evaluados denotan una mejora sintomática y neurofisiológica tanto periférica como central dado que proporciona una respuesta cerebral asociada a la función del nervio mediano.Conclusión La acupuntura y la electroacupuntura son una opción terapéutica para el STC leve-moderado que tiene un grado de evidencia científica medio, con tendencia a ser alto y con un grado de recomendación medio.

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Badia, M., & Santafé, M. M. (2020). Acupuncture and electroacupuncture in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: Systematic review. Revista Fisioterapia Invasiva / Journal of Invasive Techniques in Physical Therapy, 03(01), 013–025. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1701432

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