A review of imaging techniques in scientific research/clinical diagnosis

Abstract

This paper is a review of the image techniques used in research and diagnosis as appeared in the literature. There are different types of scientific research and diagnostic imaging techniques, including Photography, Microscopy, Ultrasound, X-rays, Computed Tomography (CT) scans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET). The type of imaging used depends on the part of the body the scientist wants to see on an image, as well as the type of imaging that is readily available to the patient. Over the years, medical imaging has become a vital part in the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other diseases. In some cases medical imaging is the first step in preventing the spread of cancer through early detection and in many cases makes it possible to cure or eliminate the cancer. CT scan, MRI, Ultrasound and X-ray imaging are very important tools in the fight against several diseases. Medical imaging is also used to build accurate computer models of the body systems, organs, tissues and cells which are used in teaching anatomy and physiology in the medical schools.