Smart City: Adding to the Complexity of Cities A Critical Reflection

Abstract

This paper seeks to further the state-of-the-art knowledge on what a smart city is; by analysing the smart cities across the world. It also seeks to find out how different approaches to the smart city creation influence the city. This worked based on the ongoing review on Smart Cities that was started in 2014. In particular, it is structured as follows. First, definition of "smart city" are reviewed, next typologies of smart cities were generated by analysing the different types of smart cities across the world. Following this, case studies are reported. Case studies are followed by a reflection. Paper drawn to conclusion following this section by giving research directions to take this research further.