Modern conception of myostatin biological role and clinical significance as the main regulator of muscle growth and differentiation

Abstract

The article presents a review of publications on the physiological role of myostatin, a protein belonging to the class of myokines, the family of transforming grow factors β (TGF-β), in various pathological conditions, such as cancer, chronic heart failure, chronic renal failure, COPD, AIDS, etc. The key role of myostatin as a negative regulator of muscle tissue growth in the development of cachexia in these pathological conditions is shown. The scheme of synthesis and activation of myostatin is given in detail. The basic physiological properties and clinical significance are highlighted. Exogenous and endogenous factors affecting the synthesis and activity of myostatin are analyzed in detail. Possible ways of exposure (medication and non-medication) on myostatin metabolism are considered.