3D bioprinting for tendon–bone interface regeneration

Abstract

With the rapid advancement of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, its applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have garnered increasing attention. Tendon–bone healing is a complex biological process, making injuries to the tendon–bone interface challenging to repair. Fortunately, 3D bioprinting provides numerous innovative solutions. Herein, we summarize the current state of 3D bioprinting technology in tendon–bone healing, exploring the latest developments in biomaterials, printing technologies, cell carriers, and preclinical research. In conclusion, the article discusses the current challenges faced in this field and outlines future research directions with careful consideration, providing valuable insights for ongoing investigations.