Tumores que producen metástasis óseas

Abstract

Introduction: A metastasis is the tumor cell capacity to migrate from the primary tumor and implant itself in tissues of an organ at a distance by hematogenous, lymphatic or contiguity. The main causes of bone metastases are: breast, prostate and lung cancer. It usually occurs in patients over 50 years of age. There is a predilection for metastasizing to the axial skeleton. Objective: To determine the frequency of tumors that produce bone metastases in our institution. Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study, for retrospective analysis of the cases of patients diagnosed with bone metastases. Results: 193 cases; 121 women and 72 men with an age range of 42 to 84 years. Cancers associated with bone metastases were breast, lung, prostate, cervical and renal cancers; to a lesser extent other such as colon, thyroid, liver and skin. The most affected bones were axial skeleton: lumbar and dorsal spine, and in appendicular skeleton the femur in the diaphysiary region and in the humerus the proximal third. At present it has not been possible to improve the effectiveness of timely detection strategies, so bone pain should begin with a protocol of tumor suspicion. Conclusions: More than 80% of the patients came for fracture. All patients had a history of pain greater than 12 months with no prior study protocol. Keywords: Bone metastases; incidence; pain; pathological fracture.