Assessment of health-related quality of life in transfusion dependent beta thalassemia

Abstract

Research on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among thalassemia patients in Jordan remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate HRQoL outcomes in patients with thalassemia and examine associations with psychosocial, medical, and clinical factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among β-thalassemia major patients attending the Thalassemia Unit at Princess Rahma Educational Hospital for Children. HRQoL was assessed using a validated Arabic version of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36). A total of 285 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 20.23 years; 55.1% were male. Lower mental health scores were associated with male gender, higher education, and non-smoking status. Poor physical functioning was linked to male gender, smoking, and not receiving anticoagulant therapy. Lower pain scores were observed among males and those not on anticoagulants. Vitality was significantly lower in males. Absence of comorbidities was linked to better role functioning, while non-smoking and higher income were associated with improved general health perception. Male gender, lower income, absence of splenectomy, and not using anticoagulant therapy were associated with poorer HRQoL outcomes. Overall, male patients reported lower HRQoL than females. Targeted national healthcare strategies are essential to enhance HRQoL among thalassemia patients in Jordan.