Avaliação da Propensão a Empreender: Uma Proposta de Mensuração Desse Constructo

Abstract

This research has two objectives: to identify the entrepreneurial attributes related to entrepreneurship projects in undergraduate students and make a comparative analysis between the entrepreneurial behavioral characteristics (CCE) and these attributes. This research is applied regarding its nature and it has an exploratory objective with quantitative character. The QEMP research tool was used to identify the entrepreneurial attributes and the McClelland Model (1961) for entrepreneurial behavioral characteristics (CCE) was used too. Although they are distinct instruments of evaluation of the entrepreneur, the research sought to identify if both can perceive the degree of propensity to undertake of the target population, since each of them evaluates the entrepreneurship from a set of multiple variables. The results of data processing led to the proposition of two scales (EMP_QEMP and EMP_CCE) that can synthesize this propensity. Two samples were collected at the same institution of higher education (IES), one with 193 respondents in the period 2014-2015 with the CCE and another, the QEMP, with 60 students, in 2016. The K-Means Cluster Analysis of both samples resulted two characteristic groups, the students in the larger group (with 70% of the respondents) presents a greater orientation and propensity to be entrepreneur in contrast to the other group with less propensity, but do not present aversion to be entrepreneur. What appears commonly in the two largest groups of both samples are young people highly inclined to entrepreneurship and in need for self-realization.