Non-attendance or non-invitation? A case-control study of failed outpatient appointments

Abstract

Objective - To determine the causes of non-attendance at new outpatient appointments. Design: Case-control study of non-attenders and attenders. Setting - Outpatient department of a general hospital. Subjects - All non-attenders (n = 277) for first outpatient appointments in six specialties during a three month period were included. Controls (n = 135) were the attenders who followed every second non-attender; thus they attended the same consultant on the same day that the non-attenders were expected. Interventions - None. Measurements and main results - Information on the clinical problem, difficulties in attending the hospital, and reasons for non-attendance from the questionnaire were coded and classifed. Non-attenders had received shorter notice of their appointment than attenders (14% v 1% had received three days' notice or less). There were small differences in the seriousness of patients' clinical condition. Conclusions - Client factors are less important than aspects of the service in explaining non-attendance at outpatient appointments.