Impact of plasmid architecture on stability and yEGFP3 reporter gene expression in a set of isomeric multicopy vectors in yeast

Abstract

Multicopy episomal plasmids in yeast, used whenever elevated levels of foreign or homologous gene expression are necessary, are known to be less stable compared to the endogenous 2-μm plasmid they are based on, at least without selective pressure. Considering that rich medium favors growth rate and, simultaneously, is less expensive than selective medium, enhancing stability in non-selective medium is extremely desirable. In this study, we changed the architecture of a multicopy model expression plasmid, creating six isoforms (same size, same DNA content but different positions and orientations of the expression block) and studied mitotic stability, copy number, as well as reporter yEGFP3 expression between isoforms. With one isoform being significantly more stable than the others and another one exhibiting elevated plasmid copy numbers in rich medium, we show that consideration of the arrangement of the plasmid elements might be crucial for productivity employing Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a host. We strongly believe that the ideal architecture has to be assessed for each case and assembly strategy has to begin by evaluating the stability of the vector backbone before insertion of the desired gene. For the plasmid set studied, yEGFP3 reporter production depends more on mitotic stability than on elevated plasmid copy numbers in a small number of cells retaining the plasmid under non-selective conditions.