Cyclotron mode frequencies and resonant absorption in multi-species ion plasmas

Abstract

Cyclotron mode frequencies are studied on trapped rigid-rotor multi-species ion plasmas. Collective effects and radial electric fields shift the mode frequencies away from the "bare" cyclotron frequencies 2πFc(s) ≡ (q s B / M s c) for each species s. These frequency shifts are measured on the distinct cyclotron modes (m = 0, 1, and 2) with cos (m θ) azimuthal dependence. We find that for radially uniform plasmas the frequency shifts corroborate a simple theory expression, in which collective effects enter only through the E × B rotation frequency fE and the species fraction δs. The m = 1 center-of-mass mode is in agreement with a simple "clump" model. Additionally, ultra-cold ion plasmas exhibit centrifugal separation by mass, and additional frequency shifts are observed, in agreement with a more general theory.