Incidence of surgical site infections and associated risk factors in clean orthopaedic surgeries

Abstract

Abstract Objectives: The study aimed to estimate the incidence of SSI in clean orthopaedic surgeries, while identifies the associated risk factors and prevalent infective microorganisms. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study conducted in patients who underwent orthopaedic surgeries during the period between October-2019 to March-2020. Adult patients admitted in the in-patient wards of Orthopedics and underwent (category 1) clean wound type of orthopaedic surgeries (elective or emergency) were included in the study. Patients’ demographics details, clinical history, characteristics of disease, surgery-related variables, pre/ post management, hospital stay details and laboratory indexes were inquired and documented. We excluded other categories of surgical wounds (category 2, 3 and 4). Results: In this study, incidence of SSI in clean wound orthopaedic surgeries was 6.84 %. The male to female ratio was 1.8. In this study, SSI was associated significantly with age, comorbid condition, and pre-op hair removal technique. The most common infective organisms identified on culture were Klebsiella pneumonia and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: Incidence of SSI in clean orthopaedic surgeries was high. Proper identification and optimization of modifiable risk factors needs to be done prior to orthopaedic surgeries to reduce the risk of SSI. Keywords: Clean wound, micro-organisms, Orthopaedic, Risk factors, Surgical site infection In