A joint energy-balanced organizing scheme with hexagon-clustered algorithm and cooperative MIMO for WSNs

Abstract

Energy efficiency and load balance are two important factors to prolong network lifetime in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we propose a joint energy-balanced organizing scheme, which combines energy-balanced LEACH (EB-LEACH) protocol and cooperative MIMO. We name it as EB-LEACH-MIMO scheme. EB-LEACH is designed to be an improved LEACH algorithm, in which the monitored region is plotted into hexagons for avoiding the non-uniformity distribution of cluster heads. In EB-LEACH-MIMO scheme, the location and the residual energy of each node are considered when we choose the cluster heads for clustering and cooperative nodes for MIMO system. The simulation results show that the hexagonal network partition contributes to the energy balance among clusters while the cooperative MIMO benefits for the energy balance among nodes in a cluster. Consequently, EBLEACH-MIMO scheme can well-balance the network load, save network energy and prolong the network lifetime. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.