The role of relationship beliefs in predicting levels and changes of relationship satisfaction

Abstract

Relationship beliefs (i.e., destiny and growth beliefs) are associated with important relationship outcomes. Destiny beliefs describe the belief that a relationship is meant to be while growth beliefs describe the tendency that relationships can be cultivated and maintained through effort. Based on a longitudinal sample of people in romantic relationships ( N = 904 couples), we examined whether destiny and growth beliefs predict current levels and trajectories of relationship satisfaction across 2 years. Using dyadic growth curve models, we found that individuals with stronger destiny beliefs generally reported higher initial relationship satisfaction. Furthermore, those with higher growth beliefs experienced a slower decline in relationship satisfaction over time. Vice versa, higher relationship satisfaction also predicted increases in growth beliefs, but not destiny beliefs over time. These findings were also supported when directly asking participants about their subjectively perceived trajectories of relationship satisfaction: Growth beliefs, but not destiny beliefs, went along with the perception that relationship satisfaction has increased in the past and will further increase in the future. The findings suggest that relationship beliefs are relevant for long-term outcomes and could have important implications for developing interventions to help couples maintain relationship satisfaction in the long term.Plain language summaryIn relationships, relationship satisfaction tends to decrease over time, but what we believe about love can shape our satisfaction. This study of over 900 couples looked at two kinds of beliefs: “destiny beliefs” (love is meant to be) and “growth beliefs” (love grows with effort). We found that those who believe in destiny generally feel more satisfied at the start. However, people who think love grows with effort tend to see less decline in their satisfaction over 2 years. Interestingly, more satisfied couples tend to develop stronger growth beliefs over time. This suggests that our beliefs about love not only reflect our relationship satisfaction but also influence its future course. Understanding these beliefs could help us develop ways to keep couples happy together in the long run.