Association of anti-RNA polymerase III antibody with silicone breast implants rupture in a multicentre series of Italian patients with systemic sclerosis

Abstract

Objective. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous systemic autoimmune disease with distinct subsets identified by specific autoantibodies. Some environmental agents might play a role in SSc pathogenesis, including silicone breast implants (SBI). This association has been controversial in previous literature and only few studies reported the autoantibody status in these SSc women. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of SBI with SSc in a large cohort of Italian patients, classified according to their SSc-related autoantibodies and to their history of breast cancer. Methods. Three Italian referral centres retrospectively collected clinical and laboratory data of consecutive SSc women, that were included when fulfilling the 2013 ACR/EULAR criteria and when SSc specific auto-Antibodies status was available (anti-centromere (ACA), anti-Topoisomerase I (anti-Topo I) and anti-RNA Polymerase III antibodies (anti-RNAP3)). Data regarding history of SBI, SBI rupture and breast cancer were recorded. Results. Among 742 SSc women, a history of SBI was recorded in 12 patients (1.6%); in only 1 case the implantation occurred before SSc diagnosis. In SSc patients with anti-RNAP3+ a significantly higher frequency of SBI rupture and SBI rupture without breast cancer were observed, as compared to anti-RNAP3-negative patients. No association was noted for SBI without rupture. Conclusion. In this study we demonstrated a link between SBI rupture and induction of anti-RNAP3+ SSc; further studies are needed to better define the characteristics of this syndrome and the possible effects of SBI removal and immunosuppressive treatment.