XRD, TEM and Raman scattering studies of PbTiO3 nanopowders

Abstract

Lead titanate nanopowders were fabricated by mechanochemical synthesis. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, high resolution electron microscopy and Raman scattering. The X-ray diffraction showed the perovskite structure of the powder. It was found that: (1) the powder consists of loosely packed grains with a broad distribution of sizes between a few nm and 45 nm, (2) the grains of sizes larger than about 30 nm exhibit well developed crystalline structure, (3) the Raman lines of PbTiO3 nanopowder exhibit a conspicuous broadening in comparison to Raman lines of the bulk material, and 4) in the spectrum of nanopowder the lines related to A 1(1TO), E(2TO) and A1(3TO) modes are shifted into lower frequencies and their spectral linewidth increase and there is no significant change in frequency shift for the remaining modes. © 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.