Isolasi Minyak Atsiri(Aetheric oil) Kulit Buah Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia)

Abstract

Kulit jeruk mengandung minyak atsiri, atau dikenal juga sebagai minyak eteris (citrus oil) banyak dimanfaatkan oleh industri kimia parfum, menambah aroma jeruk pada minuman dan makanan, serta di bidang kesehatan digunakan sebagai anti oksidan dan anti kanker.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah distilasi uap dan ekstraksi dapat digunakan untuk mengisolasi minyak atsiri kulit jeruk nipis. dan untuk mengetahui indeks bias minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan dengan cara mengkarakterisasi parameter dari sifat fisik dan kimia yang meliputi warna, indeks bias, kadar air, dan rendemen. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri dapat diisolasi dan di ekstraksi dari kulit jeruk nipis menggunakan distilasi uap, rendemen hasil isolasi  = 1,3850 %, dan rendemen hasil ekstraksi = 0,51 % minyak atsiri hasil iosolasi bening atau tidak berwarna dan bau khas jeruk sedangkan hasil ekstraksi berwaran kemerah-merahan dan bau khas jeruk, indeks bias hasil ekstraksi =1,3589, dan indeks bias hasil iolasi= 1,3830 minyak atsiri hasil identifikasi dengan kertas saring pada hasil isolasi berwarna bening atau tidak meningalkan noda dan hasil ekstraksi masih meninggalkan noda yang menyatakan identifikasih kertas saring hasil isolasi belum sesuai standar mutu Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warna, bau, dan indeks bias hasil iosolasi telah sesuai sedangkan minyak atsiri jeruk hasil masarasi indeks bias, indentifikasi menggunakkan kertas saring belum sesuai sedangkan hasil warna dan bau hasil masarasi telah sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI).Orange peel contains essential oil, also known as etheric oil (citrus oil) which is widely used by the perfume chemical industry, adds citrus aroma to drinks and food, as well as in the health sector which is used as an anti-oxidant and anti-cancer. determine whether steam distillation and extraction can be used to isolate the essential oil of lime peel. and to determine the refractive index of essential oils produced by characterizing the parameters of physical and chemical properties which include color, refractive index, moisture content, and yield. The results showed that the essential oil can be isolated and extracted from lime peel using steam distillation, the yield of the isolated extract = 1.3850 %, and the yield of the extracted extract = 0.51%. The extraction has reddish color and a characteristic citrus smell, the refractive index of the extraction = 1.3589, and the refractive index of the isolated extract = 1.3830. The volatile oil observed with extract paper on the isolated color is clear or does not leave stains and the extraction results still leave stains. which states that the filter paper has not been in accordance with Indonesian quality standards. The results showed that the color, odor, and refractive index of the isolation were appropriate, while the orange essential oil was obtained from the refractive index, identification using cider paper was not appropriate, while the color and odor results were in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI).