The role of mutations on gene AR, in androgenetic alopecia syndrome

Abstract

Hair grows all over the human body except the palms and soles of the feet. Of course, many hairs are so thin that they are virtually invisible. Hair is made of a protein called Keratin. Keratin is made in the follicle in the outermost layer of the skin. As the new hair cells (Keratin) are made by the follicles, the old hair cells come out of the skin due to the pressure of the new cells. This is about 6 inches (15 cm) per year. It should be said that every strand of hair on the head is actually a strand of dead Keratin cells. The average number of adult hair is about 100,000 to 150,000 hairs, which is about 100 hairs a day. So seeing a few strands of hair on a brush is not necessarily a dangerous thing. Men's hair loss or androgenic alopecia is a common disorder that spreads with age. This disorder leads to thinning hair and eventually hair loss. Both men and women may experience this type of hair loss. About 70% of men and perhaps many women over the age of 40 have it. In men, hair loss usually occurs on both sides of the forehead and in the middle of the head, so that the remaining hair becomes the horseshoe shape. This condition is different in women and is more common in the central areas of hair loss. The changes in only one AR gene, located on the long arm of the X sex chromosome Xq12, have been confirmed in scientific studies for this syndrome.