Sleep apnea syndrome

Abstract

Breathing is one of the automatic human body functions. There are various causes of functional disorders leading to respiratory insufficiency and threrefore to frequent apnoeic episodes. Disorders of pulmonary system may result in OSAS. Typical symptoms of this syndrome include loud and irregular snoring accompanied by episodes of apnoea lasting at least 10 seconds, caused by collapse of upper airway. Obesity, anomalies of facial skeleton and smoking are considered as basic risk factors. One of the essential element of examination allowing for precise assessment of breathing, especially during sleep, is a polysomnographic study (PSG). Some patients require application of CPAP mask in order to limit or prevent the collapsing of bronchial tree. Therapeutic approach to OSAS consists of aerobic (weight reducing) exercises and of breathing exercises aiming at improvement of respiratory function. © Medsportpress, 2006.