Tex2mat – next level textile recycling with biocatalysts

Abstract

Achieving a circular economy for end-of-life textiles is one of the large challenges in the textile industry. Currently, after disposal, textiles often end up in landfills or incineration plants. In recent years, the textile industry has exhibited high growth rates, with the annual global fibre production reaching 100 million t. It also has to be considered that textile products are increasingly becoming more complex to ful-fil special functions, resulting in the use of multi-material textiles. However, these textiles are hard to recycle. The TEX2MAT project is a FFG (Austrian Research Promotion Agency)-promoted project conducted by a consortium of 13 research insti-tutions and private businesses that offers a solution for material recycling. The goal of TEX2MAT is to develop an innovative process for the material recycling of selected multi-material textile streams. In multiple case studies, pre-and post-consumer cotton/polyester textiles from the Austrian SME sector were investigated to close the material cycle from raw material back to raw material. The case studies used a new approach involving the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Using this approach, cotton can be converted into glucose and polyester remains as the only polymer and is thus accessible for a rather easy recycling process. The obtained glucose can be used as a raw material for different platform chemicals. The project team successfully demonstrated the functionality of the entire processing chain by the complete removal of cotton from the textile and the weaving of new towels with the recycled polyester.