Lifetime estimation of WSN with enhanced pairwise directional geographic routing

Abstract

This research work proposes an enhanced pair-wise directional geographic routing (EPWDGR) technique using the directional antenna and compares it with the conventional pair-wise directional geographic routing (PWDGR) method that uses the Omni-directional antenna. PWDGR has two key limitations-minimum network lifetime and its use of static nodes. The EPWDGR technique aims to overcome these pitfalls by incorporating a directional antenna patch that requires lesser power, thereby increasing the network lifetime. The validations have been performed through simulations that use a random waypoint mobility model which is more practical. Varying performance metrics have been used for the estimation of network lifetime. The EPWDGR also solves the energy bottleneck problem at the nodes near the sink.