Social Acceptance of Green Hydrogen Technologies in Decentralised Energy Systems: A Case Study in Ghana

Abstract

This study examines the social acceptance of green hydrogen in decentralized energy systems at a pilot site in Ghana. Data were collected through online and in-person surveys, focusing on five key dimensions: community, socio-political, market, behavioural, and attitudinal acceptance. Each indicator under each dimension was selected to reflect local conditions. Results show strong support for green hydrogen in decentralized energy systems, driven by high awareness (60% reported being extremely aware), positive attitudes, and moderate confidence in infrastructure and skills availability. However, key challenges include affordability, risk and safety concerns, regulatory uncertainty, and limited market readiness. Notably, high concern about risk and safety did not significantly affect willingness to adopt or pay more, while education level strongly influenced awareness and acceptance. It is important to focus on transparent policies, public trust-building, and investment in green hydrogen infrastructure, and safety systems to build public confidence and accelerate scalability in Ghana and Sub-Saharan Africa at large. Strengthening local capacity and institutional support will also be critical for the sustainable deployment of effective solutions.