Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

Abstract

Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) refers to a group of non-cognitive symptoms and behaviors that occur commonly in patients with dementia. They occur as a result of interaction between the various biological, psychological and social factors that are involved in the disease process. BPSD is associated with increased caregiver burden, institutionalization, a more rapid decline in cognition and function, and overall poorer quality of life. BPSD is also associated with greater direct and indirect costs of caring for patients with dementia irrespective of the severity of cognitive impairment and comorbidities. Available data indicate efficacy for some commonly used psychotropic medications in the treatment of these behaviors. However, recently their use has generated controversy due to increased recognition of their adverse effects. In this chapter, we discuss the epidemiology, neurobiology, diagnosis and the treatments for these behaviors. © 2013 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.