Antimicrobial finishes for textiles

Abstract

The importance of antimicrobial finishes, the mechanism of action of antimicrobials and their positive effects on textiles generally and clothing particularly are discussed. Consumer awareness of the effects of microorganisms on textiles and human hygiene is noted. The nature and activity of microorganisms is reviewed, and the degradation of textiles through bacterial action. The need for antimicrobial treatment is discussed, leading on to explanation of antimicrobial treatment and finishes. There are two types of antimicrobials: leaching type (conventional antimicrobials) and non-leaching type. These are explained in more detail. Antimicrobial fibres are then described with the properties required for an antimicrobial agent - should prevent/control the microbial growth, should not be toxic to humans, should remain through numerous washing cycles, and should not affect the fabric's mechanical properties. Antimicrobial treatment on various fabrics is then described, covering cotton and viscose, wool, and polyester and nylon. Applications are listed.