Advances in AMC: A Review of Processing Techniques, Mechanical Performance and Wear Properties

Abstract

The global utilisation of Al alloy has been significantly increased, and the manufacturing of "aluminium matrix composites (AMCs)" has been a significant source of global revenue and employment, as a result of the inclusion of a variety of reinforcements to Al. This article provides a comprehensive survey of the diverse literature that has been conducted on the progress of "aluminium matrix composites (AMCs)". The review article concluded that the advancements in graphene-reinforced AMCs have significantly enhanced mechanical and tribological properties. Powder metallurgy (PM), particularly the SPS process, proves effective in achieving superior densification and minimizing undesirable phases. Composite performance is enhanced by strengthening processes such as "CTE mismatch, Hall–Petch, Orowan, and load transfer". Reinforcements like SiC, and carbon-based materials refine grains, enhancing “tensile strength, hardness, and wear resistance”. The use of nano-reinforcements ensures better structural integrity, while self-lubricating elements improve tribological properties. Additionally, sustainable natural minerals offer economic and environmental benefits. Optimal processing conditions, including controlled atmosphere and stirring time, are crucial for achieving uniformity and superior properties in AMCs.