An Overview of Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury: Review on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response

Abstract

Ischemia–reperfusion is a common health problem leading to several health conditions. The pathophysiology of ischemia–reperfusion is quite complex. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response contribute to isch-emia–reperfusion mechanisms. Various parameters like proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, occur during ischemia–reperfusion. There are several ways to investigate these values through biochemical and histopathologic findings. Malondialdehyde, glutathione, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, interleukin 6, interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha, caspase-3, nuclear factor-kappa β, and LC3B (microtubu le-associated protein light chain 3, LC3) can be evaluated among these indicators.