Evaluation and comparison of hydroxyapatite crystals with collagen fibrils bone graft alone and in combination with guided tissue regeneration membrane

Abstract

The combination of collagen in bone grafts is being used because of its properties that accentuate the degree of regeneration. Furcation involvement poses challenge to the prognosis of a tooth, the use of bone grafts and a combination of grafts and membranes have proved to be beneficial in the treatment of furcation defects. Thus, the aim of the present study was to clinically evaluate and compare the effectiveness of collagen fiber bone graft with and without a membrane in the treatment of mandibular Grade II furcation defects. Materials and Methods: A clinical split-mouth randomized control trial, which included ten patients having bilateral mandibular Grade II furcation defects, was randomly assigned to Group I, treated with bone graft of hydroxyapatite with collagen fibers, and Group II, treated with bone graft of hydroxyapatite with collagen fibers and guided tissue regeneration membrane of polyglycolide and polylactide copolymer, respectively. The clinical measurements were recorded at baseline and 6 months after surgery; and plaque and gingival index were recorded at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after surgery. The data obtained was statistically evaluated. Results: The overall results showed that the treatment procedures demonstrated statistically significant reduction in probing pocket depth, vertical defect fill, and horizontal depth of furcation, with a gain in clinical attachment level. On comparison of both the groups, Group II showed superior results with a statistically significant difference in all parameters except in gingival recession. Conclusion: The findings of the study demonstrated superior clinical results obtained with hydroxyapatite with collagen fibers, used in combination with polyglycolide and polylactide copolymer as compared to used alone in the treatment of Grade II furcation defects.