Analysing Absenteeism in Agriculture: A Dialogue-Based Study using Phi(Φ) Correlation Coefficients

Abstract

This study examines absentee landlordism within the agricultural sector and explores the sentiments of farmers regarding this phenomenon. Employing descriptive analysis, TextBlob sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and Phi (Φ) correlation coefficients, the study uncovers significant interdependencies among these factors. Topic modeling analysis reveals farmers’ key concerns and aspirations, shedding light on their perspectives toward agriculture. While notable hardships persist, farmers maintain a constructive outlook. Drawing on responses from samples, the research identifies key factors driving declining engagement in farming, such as stable alternative income sources, wildlife threats, and high agricultural input costs. Results indicate strong correlations between absenteeism and economic stability, rural-to-urban migration, urbanization, and wildlife-related challenges. The findings highlight that off-farm income opportunities, environmental uncertainties, and inadequate rural infrastructure are primary drivers of absenteeism, prompting rural populations to seek urban livelihoods. Challenges like land fragmentation and poor living standards further impede agricultural sustainability, whereas modern agricultural technologies exhibit minimal influence.