Biomedical Applications of Biomaterials Functionalized with Magnetic Nanoparticles

Abstract

The combination of magnetic nanoparticles and a biocompatible material leads to the manufacturing of a multifunctional and remotely controlled platform useful for diverse biomedical issues. If a static magnetic field is applied, a magnetic scaffold behaves like an attraction platform for magnetic carriers of growth factors, thus being a potential tool to enhance magnetic drug delivery in regenerative medicine. To translate in practice this potential application, a careful and critical description of the physics and the influence parameter is required. This chapter covers the mathematical modeling of the process and assesses the problem of establishing the influence of the drug delivery system on tissue regeneration. On the other hand, if a time-varying magnetic field is applied, the magnetic nanoparticles would dissipate heat, which can be exploited to perform local hyperthermia treatment on residual cancer cells in the bone tissue. To perform the treatment planning, it is necessary to account for the modeling of the intrinsic nonlinear nature of the heat dissipation dynamic in magnetic prosthetic implants. In this work, numeric experiments to investigate the physiopathological features of the biological system, linked to the properties of the nanocomposite magnetic material, to assess its effectiveness as therapeutic agents are presented.