HOW DOES GRANTING TEACHER AUTONOMY INFLUENCE CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION? LESSONS FROM INDONESIA’S CURRICULUM REFORM IMPLEMENTATION

  • Nihayah R
  • Dina W
  • Wijayanti D
  • et al.
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Abstract

This research seeks to understand how a curriculum reform that emphasizes studentcentered learning influences classroom instruction. The new curriculum is designed by the government of Indonesia to grant autonomy to teachers in re-emphasizing learning according to the student’s needs and local context. Previous studies suggest that teacher autonomy in elaborating curricula and pedagogy is associated with student’s engagement and improvement in learning outcomes. Given the low autonomy of teachers in Indonesia, their responses can inform how we should formulate effective reforms. This research used a case study to investigate how curriculum reform is perceived by middle school teachers and how they translate it into classroom instruction. The data was collected through classroom observations and complemented by semi-structured phone interviews with 20 Math teachers in Jakarta and Central Java from November 2022 to February 2023. To avoid incongruous instruction, this research informs that countries with a long history of low teacher autonomy like Indonesia should not promote a grand education reform design without clear guidelines and adequate support. The reformers need to touch upon teacher’s beliefs about curriculum completion and didactic pedagogy before expecting them to change their teaching practices into active learning and exercise their authority in independently developing curricula.Artikel ini bertujuan memahami tanggapan guru terhadap Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka (IKM). Studi terdahulu menginformasikan bahwa guru di negara berkembang cenderung tidak otonom dan hal ini seringkali menghambat implementasi reformasi pendidikan. Mengingat pendidik di Indonesia memiliki otonomi yang rendah, tanggapan guru perlu digali agar kita dapat merumuskan implementasi reformasi yang efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnografi. Data dikumpulkan melalui interaksi kami dengan guru Matematika dan kepala sekolah selama pelaksanaan Program Matematika Menyenangkan, Sesuai Jenjang, dan Interaktif (MENGEJAR) dari bulan Juni 2022 hingga Februari 2023. Kami melengkapi data dengan wawancara telepon semi-terstruktur untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih baik terkait IKM, khususnya Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan P5 yang fokus pada pembentukan karakter berjalan lebih baik dibandingkan usaha untuk menekankan penguasaan materi esensial. Untuk mengoptimalkan perubahan dalam mencapai tujuan yang dimaksud, Kemdikbudristek sebaiknya memberikan panduan yang jelas dan komprehensif sebelum mempromosikan reformasi pendidikan. Pandangan guru tentang menuntaskan kurikulum perlu diubah sebelum mereka mengubah praktik pembelajaran dan mengembangkan silabus secara mandiri.

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APA

Nihayah, R. W., Dina, W. F., Wijayanti, D., & Asyah, A. N. (2023). HOW DOES GRANTING TEACHER AUTONOMY INFLUENCE CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION? LESSONS FROM INDONESIA’S CURRICULUM REFORM IMPLEMENTATION. Jurnal Penelitian Kebijakan Pendidikan, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.24832/jpkp.v16i1.768

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