Veterinarians’ knowledge and experience of avian influenza and perspectives on control measures in the UK

Abstract

Background: The scale of the outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in 2021–23 due to the influenza A/H5N1 virus is unprecedented. Methods: An online survey was designed to explore veterinarians’ experiences of and confidence in treating avian species, experiences of dealing with suspected HPAI and perspectives on control measures in the UK. The survey ran between December 2021 and March 2022. Results: Survey responses were received from 26 veterinarians. Although veterinarians are well placed to communicate HPAI-related information and guidance, a lack of confidence around treating birds and dealing with suspected cases of HPAI represent key barriers for non-specialist practices, and this limits opportunities to educate clients. Limitations: This study presents the views of a small group of self-selected respondents and may over-represent veterinarians with existing interests in avian species and/or avian influenza and who engage with online fora. Conclusions: Improved training and resources designed to increase confidence with avian species, along with guidance on diagnosing and reporting notifiable diseases, are needed for first opinion practices. Governing bodies should clarify regulations on treating birds in veterinary practices when HPAI outbreak numbers are high.