A compact reconfigurable slotted microstrip patch antenna using pin diode for wireless applications

Abstract

A compacted (44 x 44 x 3.2 mm3) frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna that uses electrical switching with PIN diodes is proposed for WiMAX (3500 MHz- 3910 MHz) and high frequency LTE (3500 MHz and 2600 MHz) band. The rectangular microstrip patch was at first designed to operate at the frequency of 3500 MHz as a central frequency and then reconfigured using two electrical PIN diodes placed symmetrically on slot etched at the end of the patch surface to cover further desired frequency applications. For state 1 (S1 = ON, S2 = ON), the designed antenna operates solely 3500 MHz suitable for both domestic LTE and WiMAX. For state 2 (S1 = OFF, S2 = OFF), the antenna covers further 2600 MHz for LTE and (3850 MHz - 3910 MHz) for WiMAX. The proposed antenna is designed and simulated using HFSS licensed software. Simulation results show the max gain produced by the antenna is 7.4 dBi with a radiation efficiency of 98% and a maximum bandwidth of 180 MHz.