Avaliação silvicultural de dez espécies nativas da Mata Atlântica

Abstract

Along with the forecast shortage of the Amazonian forest resources is imminent the need for studies concerning the silvicultural potential of species from other regions like the Atlantic Forest. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the silvicultural characteristics of Astronium concinnum, Cariniana legalis, Goniorrhachis marginata, Kielmeyera albopunctata, Lecythi pisonis, Manilkara bella, Basiloxylon brasiliensis, Spondias venulosa, Vitex sp. and Zeyheria tuberculosa, native Atlantic Forest species occurring in Espírito Santo state. The species were planted in full sun in pure stands, with spacing of 2 × 2 m. The stands had ages between 21 and 25 at the time of final evaluation and were conducted at Vale Nature Reserve, in the municipalities of Sooretama and Linhares, ES state. The variables collected and analyzed annually were: failure of plant, plant health, breaking, forking, stem form, diameter at breast height, total height and volumetric average annual increment. The volume was estimated using models developed for each species. It was verified expressive faults planting only Cariniana legalis, Zeyheria tuberculosa and Goniorrhachis marginata. Only Vitex sp. presented phytosanitary restrictions. Spondias venulosa, Goniorrhachis marginata and Kielmeyera albopunctata stood out with the highest rates of breakage. Goniorrhachis marginata, Manilkara bella and Basiloxylon brasiliensis stood out with the lowest levels of bifurcation. Manilkara bella, Cariniana legalis e Zeyheria tuberculosa stood out as the form of a straight stem form. Spondias venulosa presented an expressive and superior to other species growth. More studies are needed to support the economic reforestation of that species, emphasis on studies of genetic improvement, silvicultural techniques, techniques of sawing and timber technology that points out the skills to use.