Prostaglandins and its analogues: An approach for treatment of anoestrus and to enhance breeding efficiency

Abstract

Cloprostenol is a synthetic prostaglandin F2αanalogue. It is a FP (Prostaglandin F) receptor agonist, which shows powerful luteolytic effects. It also stimulates the contraction of uterine and bronchial smooth muscle and produces vasoconstriction in some vessels. Anoestrous may be due to some conditions like abnormal pregnancy, early pregnancy, pyometra, endometritis, retention of placenta, maceration and mummification. So, get rid of this conditions cloprostenol is widely used. It has been now in vogue to administer PGF2αor its analogue in early postpartum cows and buffaloes in order to hasten early resumption of cyclic ovarian activity and thereby to increase the reproductive efficiency. To improve reproductive efficiency, it is necessary to inseminate cows early in the breeding season so that, thereby achieving a more compact calving season. Breeding efficiency isincreased by means of synchronization of estrus, conception rate and pregnancy rate. Estrus synchronization can be achieved by lysis of corpus luteum by administration of prostaglandin (PGF2α) or its synthetic analogue on 5-17 days of the estrus cycle. The cows will return to estrus within 3-5 days. The effective therapeutic doses for cloprostenol are 500 μg in cattle and 175 μg in pigs. However, for R-cloprostenol, the recommended doses are: 150 μg in cattle and 75 μg in pigs. In both cases, it is administered by the intramuscular route.