Activity of Phenolic Compounds in Figs (Ficus carica L.) as Antihyperlipidemic through in Silico Study

Abstract

Figs (Ficus carica L.) belongs to family Moraceae which contains a lot of phenolic compounds that have an antihyperlipidemic effect. However, the phenolic compounds of figs have not been intensively studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of phenolic compounds in figs as antihyperlipidemic in inhibiting the work of the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme. This research uses an experimental technique with the in silico method. The in-silico method was performed to predict the physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and molecular docking properties by comparing the phenolic compounds in figs and Pravastatin with the HMG-CoA reductase receptor. Rutaretin, Pimpinellin dan Seselin has the highest affinity values, met the physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity parameters compared to Psoralen, 8-Methoxypsoralen, Angelicin, Bergapten and Pravastatin control compounds. The presence of this binding enzyme was able to inhibit the work activity of HMG-CoA reductase with amino acid residues Cys526, Gln814, Ile536, Leu811, Ile762, Pro813, Ala763, Ala556, Val538, Pro535, Tyr533, Met534, Gly765, Tyr517, Val522, Cys527. These results suggest that phenolic compounds Rutaretin, Pimpinellin, and Seselin in figs could be an antihyperlipidemic on inhibiting the action of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme.