Prospective observational study on myocardial infarction in relationship with various risk factors

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of risk factors which influence the increased rate of myocardial infarction in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Data for this 6 months prospective observational study were collected from 227 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital with acute myocardial infarction, through patient interviews and case reports and were analyzed. Results: A total of 227 cases were taken for this study. Out of 227 patients, 168 (74.19%) were males and 59 (25.81%) were females. This study reveals some major risk factors which contribute the increased rate of myocardial infarction and were smoking, chronic alcoholism, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, male sex, physical inactivity, comorbid diseases, sleep disorders as well as age group between 41 and 60 years. No association between oil consumption coffee intake and a positive association between tea intake was observed. Out of 105 patients diagnosed with ST elevated MI, 55 (52.23%) were treated with fibrinolytic therapy and 50 (47.77%) were excluded from this therapy mainly due to delayed admission. All the patients were found to be benefited by beta-blocker therapy. Conclusion: Results suggested that awareness regarding moderate physical activity, cessation of cigarette smoking, increased daily consumption of fruits and vegetables may reduce the increased myocardial infarction risk.