ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES CHALLENGES OF GREEN INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE ERA OF INDUSTRY 4.0

Abstract

The extensive adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) has increased the carbon footprint on a large scale across the globe. To handle this challenge, scholars and policymakers are making efforts to propose novel energy-efficient solutions to provide a desirable environment for green-IoT (G-IoT). Additionally, further research is required to analyze the G-IoT-related challenges to elucidate the difficulties of its implementation for researchers. Moreover, the G-IoT requirements have been considered in different network levels, namely software, hardware, architecture, communication. To present a comprehensive framework to identify the challenges of G-IoT, a survey using literature review and expert’s opinion is carried. Total 23 challenges are taken to evaluate and implement G-IoT technologies towards sustainable development achievements (SDA). Consequently, this article aims to rank and evaluate the challenges to implement the G-IoT towards the SDA. An integrated approach is proposed with stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and additive ratio assessment (ARAS) under Pythagorean fuzzy sets. As a result, an machine-to-machine (M2M) standardization protocol with a weight value of 0.0508 has the first rank, followed by adaptation to natural energy sources with a weight value of 0.0479, information security and privacy protection with a weight value of 0.0469, and internet protocol version-6 (IPv6) for low-end devices with weight 0.0467. To validate the proposed method, sensitivity analysis and comparison using existing methods have been conducted.