Effect of Bay Leaf Extract (Syzygium polyanthum) on Blood Sugar Regulation via GLUT4 Protein Regulation in White Rat Muscle Tissue Induced Aloxan

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that disturbs the body's bloodsugar regulation. Bay leaves contain entirely various secondary metabolites,where this plant is rich in flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenes and glycosides. Thisstudy aims to assess the effect of bay leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum) onblood sugar levels and the expression of GLUT4 protein in muscle tissue. A totalof 30 white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain obtained from the EurekaResearch Laboratory (Palembang, Indonesia) weighing between 200 - 250 grams.Bay leaf simplicia was obtained from the Tawangmangu Herbal Research Center,Karanganyar, Indonesia. After 1 week of adaptation, the mice were randomlydivided into the following six groups, each containing 5 animals: Normal controlgroup, diabetes group (negative control), diabetes + metformin group (Met; 45mg / kg), Diabetes + BLE (75 mg/kg), diabetes + BLE group (150 mg / kg) anddiabetes + BLE group (300 mg/kg). Alloxan-induced white rats showed a verysignificant increase in blood sugar levels, where the use of the drug metforminwas able to reduce blood sugar levels significantly even though they had notreached the target blood glucose target of less than 200 mg / dL. The treatmentwith bay leaf extract was able to reduce blood sugar levels significantly. Theadministration of metformin drugs or bay leaf extract showed the ability toincrease the level of GLUT4 protein. In conclusion, bay leaf extract affectsreducing blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus white rats by increasing glucoseintake to cells and tissues.