Simultaneous Acute Femoral Deformity Correction and Gradual Limb Lengthening Using a Retrograde Femoral Nail: Technique and Clinical Results

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with limb-length discrepancies often have concomitant deformity. We describe the outcomes of acute, fixatorassisted deformity correction with gradual lengthening using the retrograde femoral Precice nail (NuVasive). Methods: We analyzed a retrospective series of 27 patients in whom an external fixator was combined with a Precice nail to correct angular or rotational deformity and limb-length discrepancy. The fixator was applied temporarily to restore normal alignment. The Precice nail was inserted and locked in place to hold the correction, with gradual restoration of limb length. Results: The 27patients (meanage, 28years) had ameanfollow-upof 13 months. Secondary deformities were mainly valgus (15 patients) and varus (10 patients).Postoperatively, 93%of patients had correction of limb length to within 3 mmof the discrepancy (mean lengthening, 30 mm). Mechanical axis deviation was corrected to within 8mmof neutral (ie, zero) in 81%of patients. Themechanical lateral distal femoral angle was corrected to a mean of 88 postoperatively. Final Association for the Study and Application of Methods of Ilizarov (ASAMI) Paley scores were excellent for 96% of patients. Discussion: The use of intramedullary lengthening nails has revolutionized the field of limb lengthening. The results of our study show that a retrograde femoral Precice nail can be used safely and accurately to correct both limb-length discrepancy and deformity with minimal complications. The benefits of using this implant include the ability to maintain knee range of motion during the lengthening process. Rapid bone healing allows a relatively fast return toweight-bearing ambulation. Conclusions: The Precice nail was effectively used to correct both limb-length discrepancy and deformity, with excellent overall outcomes. This surgical technique may help avoid the complications that can occur with prolonged postoperative use of an external fixator.