Nematic Quantum Criticality in Dirac Systems

Abstract

We investigate nematic quantum phase transitions in two different Dirac fermion models. The models feature twofold and fourfold, respectively, lattice rotational symmetries that are spontaneously broken in the ordered phase. Using negative-sign-free quantum Monte Carlo simulations and an ϵ-expansion renormalization group analysis, we show that both models exhibit continuous phase transitions. In contrast to generic Gross-Neveu dynamical mass generation, the quantum critical regime is characterized by large velocity anisotropies, with fixed-point values being approached very slowly. Both experimental and numerical investigations will not be representative of the infrared fixed point, but of a quasiuniversal regime where the drift of the exponents tracks the velocity anisotropy.