Effect of calcium silicate cements on vascular endothelial growth factor release from platelet-rich fibrin and its architectural changes

Abstract

Aim and objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the changes in the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as well as the changes observed in the fibrin architecture of PRF when layered with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and Theracal. Materials and methods: Platelet-rich fibrin was obtained from eight volunteers to form PRF membrane (PRFm) and divided into four groups of control (PRF alone), PRF with MTA, PRF with Biodentine, and PRF with Theracal by layering the PRFm over with these materials. Four samples of each group were prepared. Release of VEGF was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 1 hour and 5 hours. PRFm in contact with the materials was analyzed under a scanning electron microscope to observe the fibrin architecture. Results: A significantly higher amount of VEGF was released from the Theracal group as compared to control (PRF only), Biodentine, and MTA. The fibrin architecture of the Biodentine group was more similar to that of the control group at both 1 hour and 5 hours. Conclusion: Theracal could be a suitable material to be used along with PRF for endodontic use wherever indicated. Clinical significance: The results show an increased release of VEGF from PRFm when layered with Theracal. PRFm used in procedures like revascularization and pulpotomy may therefore be layered with these dental materials to enhance the regeneration and create a biocompatible seal.