Addressing Health Inequities in the United States: A Case Report on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Social Determinants of Health

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that presents with delays in developmental milestones, social impairment, and behavioral difficulties. Treatment relies upon an intensive individualized multidisciplinary medical and therapeutic approach. This case presents a child affected by ASD and other associated conditions, whose care was significantly limited by the effects of social determinants of health, including lack of transportation, housing instability, low income, and most importantly, lack of health insurance. Without universal health coverage, the US healthcare system requires that patients have insurance or pay out-of-pocket to access medical care. It is vital that healthcare providers are able to recognize and address these barriers in order to help pediatric patients and their families navigate a difficult and often inequitable healthcare system. It is also crucial to emphasize the importance of healthcare providers, policymakers, and advocacy organizations to work together to address the systemic barriers that limit access to quality care for children with ASD.