Recent advances in the treatment of patients with obesity and chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic disease characterised by excess adiposity, which impairs health. The high prevalence of obesity raises the risk of long-term medical complications including type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Several studies have focused on patients with obesity, type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease due to the increased prevalence of diabetic kidney disease. Several randomized controlled trials on sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues, and bariatric surgery in diabetic kidney disease showed renoprotective effects. However, further research is critical to address the treatment of patients with obesity and chronic kidney disease to lessen morbidity.Key message Obesity is a driver of chronic kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes, along with obesity, accelerates chronic kidney disease. Several randomized controlled trials on sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues, and bariatric surgery in diabetic kidney disease demonstrate the improvement of renal outcomes. There is a need to address the treatment of patients with obesity and CKD to lessen morbidity.